KMID : 0880520120480030133
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Chonnam Medical Journal 2012 Volume.48 No. 3 p.133 ~ p.140
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Antimicrobial Activity of Calcium Hydroxide in Endodontics: A Review
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Mohammadi Z
Shalavi S Yazdizadeh M
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Abstract
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The purpose of endodontic therapy is to preserve the patient¡¯s natural teeth without compromising the patient¡¯s local or systemic health. Calcium hydroxide has been included in several materials and antimicrobial formulations that are used in several treatment modalities in endodontics, such as inter-appointment intracanal medicaments. The purpose of this article was to review the antimicrobial properties of calcium hydroxide in endodontics. Calcium hydroxide has a high pH (approximately 12.5-12.8) and is classified chemically as a strong base. The lethal effects of calcium hydroxide on bacterial cells are probably due to protein denaturation and damage to DNA and cytoplasmic membranes. Calcium hydroxide has a wide range of antimicrobial activity against common endodontic pathogens but is less effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. Calcium hydroxide is also a valuable anti-endotoxin agent. However, its effect on microbial biofilms is controversial.
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KEYWORD
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Biofilm, Calcium hydroxide, Candida albicans, Endotoxin
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